2021-2022 Undergraduate Catalog 
    
    May 13, 2024  
2021-2022 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


 

Accounting

  
  • ACCT 211 - Principles of Accounting I

    (3)
    Fundamental processes of accounting applied to proprietorships and corporations. An introduction to analyzing, classifying and recording business transactions, adjusting and closing records, and preparing financial statements.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • ACCT 212 - Principles of Accounting II

    (3)
    This course continues the presentation of financial accounting fundamentals and presents the fundamentals of management accounting including principles of product costing; activity- based costing; and techniques for planning, controlling, and decision making.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 211.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • ACCT 311 - Intermediate Accounting I

    (3)
    Extensive treatment of accounting statements, current and noncurrent accounts, accounting for ownership equity emphasizing the corporation, and analysis of financial statements.

    Prerequisite(s): A grade of C or higher in ACCT 212.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • ACCT 312 - Intermediate Accounting II

    (3)
    Continuation of ACCT 311 with special emphasis placed upon accounting for investment; capital investment; intangible assets; the current, contingent, and long-term liabilities of the business firm; and reporting income taxes and earnings per share.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 311.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • ACCT 313 - Cost Accounting

    (3)
    Deals with materials, labor and overhead, cost allocation and distribution. Special emphasis on control and making of business decisions by using cost data.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 212.

    Offered Fall 2021 and alternate Fall semesters.
  
  • ACCT 411 - Advanced Accounting I

    (3)
    Accounting for mergers, consolidations and parent company and subsidiary relationships, preparation of consolidated statements. Also coverage of segmental and interim reporting.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 312.

    Offered Fall 2022 and alternate Fall semesters.
  
  • ACCT 412 - Advanced Accounting II

    (3)
    Accounting for governmental and other not-for-profit organizations, estates and trusts, personal and business insolvency, and foreign currency transactions and translation.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 312.

    Offered Spring 2023 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • ACCT 421 - Tax Accounting I

    (3)
    Accounting problems and issues concerning the federal and state tax obligations of individuals, the self-employed, and small business organizations; also estate, gift, employment, and other taxes.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 212.

    Offered Fall 2022 and alternate Fall semesters.
  
  • ACCT 422 - Tax Accounting II

    (3)
    Accounting problems and issues concerning the federal, state, and local tax obligations of partnerships and corporations; also property and other related taxes.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 421.

    Offered Spring 2023 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • ACCT 423 - Auditing Theory

    (3)
    A presentation of the auditor’s role in business and society, including professional status and resultant responsibilities; impact on the auditor of legal liability; and detailed study of auditing theory, processes, procedures, and reporting.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 311.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • ACCT 450 - Advanced Topics

    (1-3)
    An opportunity for the superior student to pursue, under supervision, an area of special interest either on his/her own initiative or in a seminar group. Open to juniors or seniors who are majors in the area and who have completed or are taking regularly scheduled courses.

    Enrollment by permission of the Department Chair.

Applied Music

Private lessons in piano, voice, organ, guitar, orchestral instruments, conducting, or composition may be elected by any student who qualifies. A minimum of six hours of practice per week is required for each 30-minute lesson. See the Music Handbook available in the department office for further details regarding applied music and related fees.

  
  • MUS 100 - Applied Music

    (1 credit each semester)
    Private study for voice and instruments. A minimum of two semesters of applied lessons at each level and concurrent attendance in Studio Class at all levels is required for all music and music education majors.

  
  • MUS 100P - Applied Music-Preparatory Level

    (1/2 credit each semester)
    Instruction in the rudiments of the chosen instrumental area. Does not count as music major credit. Elective credit for non-music majors.

  
  • MUS 200 - Applied Music

    (1 credit each semester)
    Private study for voice and instruments. A minimum of two semesters of applied lessons at each level and concurrent attendance in Studio Class at all levels is required for all music and music education majors.

  
  • MUS 300 - Applied Music

    (1 credit each semester)
    Private study for voice and instruments. A minimum of two semesters of applied lessons at each level and concurrent attendance in Studio Class at all levels is required for all music and music education majors.

  
  • MUS 400 - Applied Music

    (1 credit each semester)
    Private study for voice and instruments. A minimum of two semesters of applied lessons at each level and concurrent attendance in Studio Class at all levels is required for all music and music education majors.


Art

  
  • ART 101 - Studio Experiences in Art

    (1)
    This class is designed to give non-art majors experience in visual communication. It will address hands-on expression and aesthetic opportunities for students to use God-given talents in the visual arts. This introductory class includes experiences in drawing, painting, and one other area of concentration (photography, fibers, or ceramics) with historical readings to supplement the production work. Materials fee.

    Offered at department discretion.
  
  • ART 123 - Art History

    (3)
    This course surveys the history of art in traditional media, architecture, and visual culture. The format will include learning through lecture, discussion, and experience. It will be taught from both historical and contemporary perspectives.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • ART 232 - 2D Design and Color Theory

    (3)
    This course uses studio projects to introduce a variety of 2D media and the major principles of 2D Design including line, shape, volume, rhythm, scale, balance, unity, harmony, and more. The course consists of creating artworks that focus on theory and art history-based problem solving, studio work, and demonstrations. Study will begin in black and white and will conclude with concepts and projects in color design and an introduction to acrylic paint. Students will learn many techniques, transform their preconceived notions of seeing, and be able to communicate important ideas clearly with words and pictures. Materials fee.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • ART 251 - Acrylic Painting

    (3)
    Introduction to the use of water-based media with an emphasis on pictorial structure. Materials fee plus basic art supplies supplied by student.

    Prerequisite(s): ART 232. ART 251 recommended.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • ART 271 - Digital Design: Adobe Suite

    (3)
    Computer image manipulation of vector and raster images. Includes problem-solving techniques specifically for photo editing (retouching and manipulation), illustration, production-ready file set-up, and interactive design. Students will engage in creative, intelligent, purposeful, and appropriate visual decisions in design. Computer-Assisted Design also serves as an introduction of the elements and principles involved in perception as it pertains to graphic design. Students will use Macintosh computers, focusing on the use of Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, and Adobe InDesign. This is the first step toward taking the ACE (Adobe Certified Expert) certification exam. Required for all Graphic Design/Digital Arts majors.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • ART 304 - Introduction to Drawing

    (3)
    The subject matter of still life, landscape, and figures will be used to explore the design elements of line, mass, value, texture, and space. Dry media including conte crayon, charcoal, and graphite as well as wet media of ink and washes will be used. Compositional choices and visual awareness are stressed and explored through research and drawing. Basic computer drawing will also be covered. Materials fee.

    Offered Fall 2021 and alternate Fall semesters.
  
  • ART 314 - Digital Photography

    (3)


    Digital images make or break visual connections with emotions of past and present, memories, creative ideas, and social impact. This is done both through social media venues, as well as commercial and business marketing. The objective of this course is to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of basic shooting principles, characteristics of exceptional images, and essentials of excellent photography. Through creative shooting practices, current trends, and continual review of student work, photography students will develop skills to create emotionally profound and professional images.

     

      Materials fee.

    Offered each Fall.

  
  • ART 321 - Typography

    (3)


    Studio experience for arranging the written word and other elements for clear communication while influenced by typographic tradition and aesthetics. Through digital projects and exercises students will develop an understanding and appreciation for the creative possibilities that type offers for visual communications. Students will explore terminology, type design, typographical hierarchy, and syntax through studio exercises, projects, lectures, demonstrations, and critiques to understand the relationship between words and images as a tool for visual communication. Projects will apply traditional artistic design principles.

     

    Prerequisite(s): ART 232, 271.

    Offered each Fall.

  
  • ART 323 - Visual Communication in Graphic Design

    (3)


    An introduction to audience-focused design through studio experience. Concepts and projects will address ideas in communication, visual design, and digital production techniques. Students will create “real world solutions” to design challenges using current graphic design software and computer technology. Lectures and demonstrations will use historical and contemporary influences to reinforce student work. Projects will apply traditional artistic design principles.

     

    Prerequisite(s): ART 232, 271.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.

  
  • ART 351 - Oil Painting

    (3)
    Exploration of painting and technique from traditional to contemporary using oil paint as a medium emphasizing individual artistic response.

    Offered Spring 2023 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • ART 375 - Applied Arts: Hand-building and Wheel Thrown Ceramics

    (3)


    Hand-building and throwing on the potter’s wheel will introduce the basic foundational skills in ceramics along with terminology, use of tools, glazing, and firing. Historical and contemporary potters will be researched and discussed for design and construction techniques.

      Materials fee.

    Offered Fall 2022 and alternate Fall semesters.

  
  • ART 430 - Senior Exhibit/Portfolio

    (2)
    Senior class exhibition of student work coinciding with portfolio review and oral examination that follows a six-week, in-class instruction in résumé writing, artist statement, image preparation, and related professional issues. For Art Education majors, this class cannot be taken during the student teaching semester. It must be taken during the student’s final semester, either prior to or following student teaching.

    Prerequisite(s): Senior standing with concentration hours completed.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • ART 450 - Advanced Topics

    (1-3)
    Group or individual studies in advanced techniques in painting, drawing, photography, fibers, ceramics, or graphics; individual internship in the arts area. Open only to juniors and seniors who have completed required courses in their areas of emphasis. Materials fee.

    Enrollment by permission of department chair.
  
  • ART 484 - Advanced Studio: Ceramics

    (3)
    Advanced, guided artistic exploration into and through ceramics.

    Offered Fall 2022 and alternate Fall semesters.
  
  • ART 486 - Advanced Studio: Drawing

    (3)
    Advanced, guided artistic exploration into and through drawing.

    Offered Fall 2021 and alternate Fall semesters.
  
  • ART 488 - Advanced Studio: Painting

    (3)
    Advanced, guided artistic exploration into and through painting.

    Offered each Spring.

Bible

  
  • BIBL 100 - Introduction to the Bible

    (3)
    This course introduces the Bible in its social, cultural, and historical settings. It reviews the grand narrative and makes theological connections between the Old Testament and the New Testament. It explores the various biblical genres and interpretive strategies. Attention is also given to personal devotion and practical application of the biblical message.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BIBL 201 - Hermeneutics

    (3)
    A study of the history of the interpretation of the Bible, basic principles of biblical interpretation, and reference works for the biblical student will be explored. Emphasis is placed on the practical use of hermeneutics for ministry.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIBL 307 - Gospels

    (3)
    An understanding of the Gospels within their historical contexts and in light of several methods of interpretation. The basic teachings of Jesus are examined within the broad outlines of his life and ministry.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Spring 2025 and Spring 2029.
  
  • BIBL 321 - Pentateuch

    (3)
    An analysis of the contents and basic spiritual concepts of each book, and their place in the development of Israelite institutions and theology. Study of the historical, geographical, and archeological aspects is emphasized.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Fall 2024 and Fall 2028.
  
  • BIBL 323 - Prophets and Apocalyptic

    (3)
    A study of the Old Testament prophets and their messages with attention given to messianic prophecy; the political, religious, and social conditions of the times; and the relevance of their messages today. Jewish apocalyptic literature will be studied as well, with some emphasis on the books of Daniel and Revelation.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Fall 2023 and Fall 2027.
  
  • BIBL 325 - The Historical Books

    (3)
    The Historical Books of the Old Testament are explored with special attention to historical reconstruction and theological themes used by the biblical writers to tell the history and story of Israel.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Fall 2021 and Fall 2025.
  
  • BIBL 367 - General Epistles

    (3)
    Selections from Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles of James, I and II Peter, I, II, and III John, and Jude are studied within the context of their associated early Christian communities. The focus is upon what they say for the development of early Christian doctrine and emerging struggles with libertinism, wealth, eschatological skepticism, and apostasy.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Spring 2024 and Spring 2028.
  
  • BIBL 422 - Major Letters of Paul

    (3)
    Selections from Romans, I and II Corinthians, and Galatians will be studied in their literary, historical, and cultural contexts in order to better understand the Pauline contours of the gospel message.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Spring 2022 and Spring 2026.
  
  • BIBL 423 - Wisdom and Poetry

    (3)
    Explored are the nature and characteristics of Hebrew poetry with attention to the background, theology, and teaching of Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Solomon.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Fall 2022 and Fall 2026.
  
  • BIBL 435 - Acts and the Minor Letters of Paul

    (3)
    The Book of Acts is studied for its use in reconstructing the history of the first century church and its theological contribution. Selections from Paul’s prison epistles (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) and pastoral epistles (I and II Timothy and Titus) will be explored in order to understand further the development of the Gospel message in its first-century contexts.

    Prerequisite(s): BIBL 100.

    Offered Spring 2023 and Spring 2027.
  
  • BIBL 450 - Advanced Topics

    (1-3)
    An opportunity for superior students to pursue a subject of special interest on their own initiative or a seminar group. Open only to juniors or seniors who are majors in this area and who have completed or are taking regularly scheduled courses.

    Enrollment by permission of the Department Chair.

Biology

  
  • BIAU 318 - Marine Biology

    (4)
    Marine Biology focuses on intertidal life and marine ecology in oceanic and geophysical context.  Students study the biology of marine plants and animals in the field, specifically trophic dynamic relationships of eel grass communities and the intertidal zone, workings of the island systems of Puget Sound, ecological roles of sea birds and fishes, population and community structure dynamics, exploitation and oceanic microbialization, and biogeochemical processes and their linkages with the biosphere. Marine stewardship and effects of human activity on the marine environment are integral to the course. Prerequisites: General biology or permission of professor.

    This course is available through the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies. Additional information is available at ausable.org. Interested students should contact the Office of the Department of Science and Mathematics.
  
  • BIAU 359 - Marine Mammals

    (4)
    Biology, behavior, ecology, identification, and conservation of the marine mammals of the Pacific Rim. This study area covers some major habitats in Puget Sound and the Salish Sea, with attention to the diving physiology, social behavior, and communications of whales and seals. The course aims to develop a stewardship perspective rooted in biological principles and directed at the global conservation of marine mammals and their ecosystems. Special attention is given to their use by cultures of the region in order to understand current issues. Prerequisite: one year of general biology or one semester of zoology. A course in anatomy and/or physiology is recommended.

    This course is available through the Au Sable Institute of Environmental Studies. Additional information is available at ausable.org. Interested students should contact the Office of the Department of Science and Mathematics.
  
  • BIOL 111 - Animal Husbandry

    (0.5-2)
    Students enrolled in the Zoo and Wildlife Biology program will be provided the opportunity to work with a variety of live animals in the Malone Zoo collection. Through this interaction, students will obtain the training and skills needed to manage animals in captive conditions. Training will include all dimensions of animal care including proper cleaning procedures, nutrition and diet preparations, health and weight management, restraint and handling techniques, training, enrichment, and worker safety. In addition, students will assimilate natural history fundamentals into daily husbandry for the ultimate purpose of learning conservation management and education.

    Offered each Fall.
    Credit will be awarded at 0.5 credits per 30 hours (1 shift/week) worked. Hours counted toward work study cannot be counted toward credit. Students may enroll in multiple sections each semester and may repeat the course for credit each semester.
  
  • BIOL 112 - Animal Husbandry II

    (0.5-2)
    Building upon skills obtained during Fall Semester, students will continue to implement mastered husbandry protocols and work towards more advanced and in-depth skill levels needed to manage animals in captive conditions. Opportunities will include all dimensions of animal care including proper cleaning procedures, nutrition and diet preparations, health and weight management, restraint and handling techniques, training, enrichment, medical care, and worker safety. In addition, students will assimilate natural history fundamentals into daily husbandry for the ultimate purpose of learning conservation management and education.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 111.

    Offered each Spring.
    Credit will be awarded at 0.5 credits per 30 hours (1 shift/week) worked. Hours counted toward work study cannot be counted toward credit. Students may enroll in multiple sections each semester and may repeat the course for credit each semester.
    BIOL 111 and 112 must be taken in the same academic year.
  
  • BIOL 131 - Human Anatomy and Physiology I

    (4)
    This course is designed to acquaint the student with the structure and function of the human body. The topics covered are basic chemical principles related to biology, cell structure and function, homeostasis, the basic tissue types, the integumentary system, skeletal system (axial and appendicular, bone growth), muscular system (muscle tissue, sliding filament theory, muscle metabolism and muscle groups) and central nervous system (special senses, sensory-motor integration added). Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): High school biology and chemistry.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BIOL 132 - Human Anatomy and Physiology II

    (4)
    This course is designed to acquaint the student with the structure and function of the human body. The topics covered are cardiovascular system (blood, heart, vessels, hemodynamics), immunity/lymphatics, respiratory system, digestive system, metabolism, urinary system, reproductive system. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): High school biology and chemistry.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 144 - General Biology I

    (4)
    An introduction of biological principles with an emphasis on sub-cellular structure, metabolism, reproduction, growth, inheritance, and adaptation. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): ACT Science score of 21 or greater (or SAT equivalent of 1060 or greater), or sophomore status, or approval of the Department Chair.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BIOL 147 - General Biology II

    (4)
    An introduction to biology at the organism, population, and community levels. Comparative approach to anatomy and physiology of organisms as well as trophic interaction within communities. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 150 - Zoo Biology and Management

    (2)
    This is a foundational course so that the student will understand all aspects of zoo operations including, but not limited to, research, conservation management, development of captive breeding programs, diet formulation, administration, education, and the ethics of keeping animals in captivity. Contemporary zoos will be used as models to explore these issues. This course is open to Zoo and Wildlife Biology majors only.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 144, 147.

    Offered at Cleveland Metroparks Zoo each Summer (Session I).
  
  • BIOL 172 - Introduction to Human Biology

    (3)
    Provides understanding of human structure and function of all body systems. Focus will be given to beginning chemistry principles, cells, and tissues. This course is for the student who has little or no background in human anatomy and physiology.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 190 - Principles of Human Nutrition

    (3)
    A study of the basic principles of nutrition with application to the physiologic needs and current nutritional status of individuals. Nutritional surveillance and behavioral strategies are explored.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BIOL 200 - General Botany

    (4)
    Study in the structure and function of plants with emphasis on flowering plants. Laboratory studies will cover the macro and microstructure of plants as well as their growth and development. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 147.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BIOL 205 - Research Methods in the Natural Sciences

    (2)
    This course emphasizes experimental design in the natural sciences, including field and laboratory studies. Statistical considerations of experimental design and technical writing skills will also be covered.

    Cross-listed with CHEM 205.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BIOL 212 - Introduction to Marine Science

    (3)
    In this introductory-level, non-lab course, students explore the many facets of ocean health through innovative, documentary style media. Highly distinguished marine scientists around the world use case studies and stories from field locations to teach fundamental ocean science principles while sharing real-life challenges associated with working with stakeholders and balancing the needs of resource consumption and conservation. Emphasis is placed on promoting sustainable practices and making informed choices concerning environmental issues.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 220 - Environmental Sciences

    (3)
    In this introductory-level course, students explore the interactions between humans and their environment. Topics addressed include human population growth, food and agriculture, natural resource use and energy production, pollution, and conservation science. Emphasis is placed on promoting sustainable practices and making informed choices concerning environmental issues. This course is open to students in any major and fulfills the Engaging the Created Order component of the General Education Program.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BIOL 231 - Wildlife Rehabilitation Fundamentals

    (3)
    This course is designed to prepare intended individuals for careers in the field (or related fields) of wildlife rehabilitation as seasonal or full-time staff members, individually licensed permit holders, or as sub-permits or volunteers. This emerging field of study is in response to demands for trained professionals to provide aid for injured, orphaned, sick, and displaced native wildlife in our communities. This course will thoroughly investigate all aspects of rehabilitative care including, but not limited to regulations, standards and ethics, natural history, human and animal safety, humane solutions and public education, establishing a facility, triage, nutrition, handling and feeding techniques, zoonoses, transport, caging requirements, and release criteria. Additional time is spent on an in-depth look at rehabilitation protocols of category 1 species in Ohio which includes hands-on opportunities to appropriately learn and master some of technical skills needed to perform necessary functions. Completion of this course with a passing grade will provide the student with a formal Certificate of Attendance (valid for 3 years) which fulfills the class training requirement portion of the formal application package for an Ohio Division of Wildlife Category 1 Rehabilitation Permit.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 253 - Invertebrate Zoology

    (3)
    This course is designed as an extrapolation into the basic structure, function, and ecology of invertebrates. It utilizes the knowledge gained from Organismal Biology to explore intricate mechanisms employed by invertebrates. In addition, potential evolutionary theories and mechanisms that may bring about diversity within populations are discussed. Weekly laboratories combined with a student invertebrate collection provide the student with firsthand experience of the invertebrates with which we live. Includes one 3-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 147.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 255 - Vertebrate Zoology

    (2)
    This course focuses on animals with backbones (vertebrates). Structure, function, and potential evolutionary connections are discussed throughout the semester.

    Prerequisite(s): C- or better in BIOL 147 or approval of the Department Chair.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BIOL 313 - Principles of Immunology

    (4)
    Presents theories of how the immune system works, genetic basis for immune function, immunological response to disease, diseases of the immune system with emphasis on auto- immune disorders and AIDS, and immunological techniques applied to diagnosis and research. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 144; CHEM 132.

    Offered Spring 2023 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • BIOL 332 - Creation and Evolution

    (3)
    A course relating to the science and philosophy of origins and development of life on Earth. While Christians agree that God created the world, they do not all agree how. This course explores the various viewpoints of, and scientific evidence for, how God created the world and the role of evolution.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 100 or 144 or 147; junior standing.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BIOL 343 - Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy and Physiology

    (3)
    This course will thoroughly survey the anatomical and physiological differences between the various vertebrate classes via lectures and will examine the evolutionary trends and phenomena and other models that give rise to the variation we see within this subphylum of chordates.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 255.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
    Students who enroll in BIOL 343 must also enroll in BIOL 344 during the same semester.
  
  • BIOL 344 - Advanced Study in Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy

    (2)
    This course will thoroughly survey the anatomical differences between the various vertebrate classes by use of laboratory dissections. Two 2.5-hour dissection sessions per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 255.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • BIOL 353 - Ornithology

    (4)
    A study of the biology and classification of birds and the interrelatedness of their anatomy, physiology, and development, with an emphasis placed on avian ecology and conservation. Students will learn to identify common birds of the eastern United States by sight and sound. Includes one 2-hour lab per week. Frequent field trips.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 254.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 354 - Wildlife Biology and Conservation

    (4)
    This course provides students with foundational knowledge of the natural history of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals found in the central and eastern United States.  Concepts covered include systematics, form and function, ecology, and field identification of selected species.  Particular attention is given to factors that inform species management and conservation decisions including distribution and abundance, habitat requirement, and ability to respond to environmental stressors. Includes one 3-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 254.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BIOL 371 - Microbiology

    (4)
    Emphasizing the morphology and physiology of micro-organisms with application both in beneficial processes and in disease. Includes two 2-hour labs per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 144 or CHEM 115 or 131.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 372 - Genetics

    (4)
    A study of general principles of genetics as applied to both plants and animals. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 144; CHEM 131.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BIOL 375 - Molecular Biology

    (4)
    Topics of study include but are not limited to metabolic pathways, nucleic acid structure, information transfer, and protein synthesis. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): CHEM 374.

    Cross-listed with CHEM 375.

    Offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • BIOL 381 - General Ecology

    (4)
    A study of the relationships between plants and animals and their environment. Involves field survey, field trips, and some statistical treatment of data. Includes one 2-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 147; MATH/PSYC 140 or BUS 240.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BIOL 391 - Animal Population Management

    (3)
    This course will thoroughly investigate the mechanisms and technologies required to manage primarily vertebrate animals in captive conditions. The course emphasis will be to integrate natural ecosystem functions towards the design and maintenance of animal exhibits for the ultimate purpose of conservation management and education. This course is open only to Zoo and Wildlife Biology majors.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 254.

    Offered each Fall.
    Includes frequent off-campus experiences.
  
  • BIOL 410 - Animal Behavior

    (4)
    This course will introduce the student to the field of animal behavior. Basic principles derived from natural selection and other evolutionary mechanisms, ecology, ethology, and development will be examined and used to explain how (proximate questions) and why (ultimate questions) animals behave as they do in particular situations. Many important biological activities such as foraging, communication, migration, predator-prey interactions, mating, and parental care will be considered. Includes one 3-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 254; MATH/PSYC 140 or BUS 240.

    Offered Spring 2023 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • BIOL 420 - Research

    (1-4)
    A laboratory investigation of a topic of the student’s choice in consultation with a faculty member.

    Enrollment by permission of the Department Chair.
  
  • BIOL 430 - Biology Internship

    (1-4)
    This course is designed to provide the student with a practical hands-on experience in biology.

    Prerequisite(s): BIOL 144, 147.

    Enrollment by permission of Department Chair.
  
  • BIOL 450 - Advanced Topics

    (1-4)
    Selected topics from any of the areas offered in biology. Open to students with advanced standing in biology.

    Enrollment by permission of the Department Chair.
  
  • BIOL 460 - Seminar

    (2)
    Literature topics selected and presented in seminar format; biology journal writing format taught.

    Enrollment by permission of the Department Chair.
  
  • BIOL 472 - Cell Biology

    (4)
    The study of the biology of cells including organization, ultrastructure, energy interrelationships, genetic expression, and immune system. Enrollment by permission of the Department Chair. Includes one 3-hour lab per week.

    Prerequisite(s): Advanced standing in biology or permission of the instructor.


Business Administration

  
  • BUS 112 - Fundamental Computer Applications

    (2)
    This course is designed to expose students to sufficient computing to become effective computer users. Using popular software packages (e.g., Microsoft Office), the emphasis will be on general and personal applications of the computer.

    Offered at department discretion.
  
  • BUS 125 - Introduction to the Hospitality and Tourism Industry

    (3)
    This course provides an overview of the global tourism and hospitality industry and the many segments that it encompasses in the context of managing the service experience. Students are exposed to the various functions of each segment as well as contemporary issues, trends, career options, and the complex role of the manager. Professionalism in the hospitality and tourism industry is emphasized and students learn the importance of corporate social responsibility through participation in service-learning projects. Students learn the theological foundations of hospitality and hospitality as a Christian virtue.

    Offered Fall 2021.
  
  • BUS 126 - Introduction to Lodging Management

    (3)
    This course provides an overview of the lodging industry in the context of managing the service experience. Emphasis is placed on the management of the rooms’ division area of a hotel. Reservations, front office, guest services, registration, night audit, and account settlement functions are discussed. Safety and security, housekeeping, and revenue management areas are also introduced. Students experience the guest cycle through field experiences.

    Offered Spring 2022.
  
  • BUS 200 - Personal Finance

    (2)
    A course that provides an examination of financial decision making, with an emphasis on Christian stewardship, for the individual or family. Topics covered will include charitable giving, use of debt financing, investment and savings options, budgeting, insurance, and estate planning.

    Offered at department discretion.
  
  • BUS 202 - Accounting and Financial Management

    (3)
    This course will provide theoretical and practical approaches to the most common financial decisions. A review of the basics of financial accounting, accounting cycle, financial statement ratio analysis, and cost management that includes internal controls, pricing strategies, and budgeting. Practice of computer applications for use in information analysis and decision making.

    Fall 2022.
  
  • BUS 211 - Foundations of Critical Thinking

    (3)
    Critical thinking is a vital 21st-century skill. In this course students will learn the necessary elements, standards, and processes involved in critical thinking in business management; apply critical thinking to personal and professional contexts; evaluate assumptions and biases, identify fallacies, analyze multiple perspectives, and analyze messages and arguments; and apply Christian values through critical thinking about vocation and management principles.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BUS 220 - Introduction to Business

    (3)
    This course will examine the social, political, and economic impact of business in American Society. It will also survey the various functions of a business such as marketing, operations, accounting, finance, etc.

    Offered each Fall.
  
  • BUS 240 - Statistics for Business

    (3)
    A study of basic statistics concepts including measures of central tendency, variance, testing experimental hypotheses, correlation, and regression analysis. Emphasis is placed on business applications such as market research, quality control, inventory control, estimation of account balances, etc. This course meets the quantitative reasoning requirement of the general education program.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 281 - Career Preparation

    (1)
    This course will be an exploration of calling and career that prepares students for internships and work. Students will learn and apply strategies for professional networking, writing a resume, preparing for interviews, and other practical career skills related to each individual student’s major.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 300 - Business Communication

    (3)
    This course covers the basic communication skills needed to be successful in professional environments, including preparing professional (virtual and live) presentations, the dynamics of group communication, professional communication practices, and professional writing skills.

    Offered each Summer.
  
  • BUS 301 - Management of Sport

    (3)
    The nature of management is examined from a theoretical and practical perspective in a variety of sports settings. Managerial functions and skills are the focus of study and students will examine career opportunities, field experiences, human resource management, policy issues, facilities, marketing, economics, and finance of sport.

    Cross-listed with SMGT 301.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BUS 302 - Business Law

    (3)
    An introductory study of the different kinds of law and the legal environment in which businesses operate. Includes contracts, agency, negotiable instruments, anti-trust, business organization, and labor- management relations.

    Prerequisite(s): Sophomore standing or permission of the instructor.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 304 - Principles of Management and Leadership

    (3)
    This course introduces students to the study of managerial and leadership practices. Components of the functional areas of management and development of leadership theories will be analyzed.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 311 - Principles of Marketing

    (3)
    This course is the study of the basic concepts of marketing. It is designed to view marketing from the perspectives of the consumer and the company. Students will explore the concept of the marketing mix (the four Ps: product, price, promotion, and place) through text, lectures, and case studies. Course work will include understanding consumer and business buying behavior, customer-driven marketing strategies, marketing channel design, and management as well as ethical marketing practices.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 322 - Human Resource Management

    (3)
    This course provides an overview of human resource management and its roles in the public and private sectors. Emphasis is placed in human resources as a role in the strategy function of an organization. Topics include law and regulations, recruitment, selection, and the duty of reasonable care. These foundational areas provide the basis for exploration of the employment planning.

    Prerequisite(s): BUS 304 or permission of the instructor.

    Offered each Fall and offered Spring 2022 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • BUS 327 - Media Marketing

    (3)
    Beginning with an overview of electronic commerce, students will become familiar with the processes of eBusiness. From electronic storefronts to B2B commerce, supply chain and value chains will be explored. Strategies that take an organization from the “mortar to click” operation will be examined. Emphasis will be placed on the use of new and emerging media technologies as a strategic component of the marketing mix. Casework and field studies of successful eBusinesses will focus on comparing and contrasting consumer behavior, customer relationships, promoting and selling, eTransactions, and the legal and ethical issues in eBusiness compared to the traditional marketplace.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 329 - Sales and Marketing

    (3)
    The purpose of this course is to introduce the student to the field of professional selling and its relationship to marketing. This course will develop the fundamental concepts of sales that students heading for a career in marketing must understand. The impact the organization’s sales function has on customer relationships will be addressed. Students will gain an understanding of the importance of ethics and Christian values in the world of professional selling.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 330 - Christian Ethics: Implications and Applications in Business

    (3)
    A course designed to explore the intricacies of business ethics through study of the basic philosophical theories of ethics and application of these theories to current case studies of business ethics problems.

    Prerequisite(s): Junior or senior standing.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 332 - Business Finance

    (3)
    A concise study and evaluation of finance performance, planning, and forecasting. The student will analyze the management of capital structures, cost of capital, and other related concepts.

    Prerequisite(s): ACCT 211 or permission of the instructor; BUS 240 or MATH/PSYC 140.

    Offered each semester.
  
  • BUS 333 - Intermediate Finance

    (3)
    After a brief review of the basics of capital budgeting and capital structures, this course examines payout ratios, long-term financing decisions (e.g., leverage and capital structures), short-term financing decisions (e.g., liquidity management), options basics, mergers & acquisitions, and bankruptcy.

    Prerequisite(s): BUS 332.

    Offered each Spring.
  
  • BUS 351 - Marketing Research

    (3)
    This course is an introduction to the research process as it relates to the marketing function within an organization. Special emphasis is placed on human aspects of the research effort and ethical standards for researchers. The student is introduced to survey, field, and experimental research designs. Subjects examined include problem definition, sample selection techniques, data collection, analysis, and presentation.

    Prerequisite(s): BUS 311.

    Offered Spring 2021 and alternate Spring semesters.
  
  • BUS 361 - International Business

    (3)
    A course which provides the student with the opportunity to develop an understanding of the global marketplace and the nature of international competition. Topics such as marketing, finance, and management are considered through the use of case studies, outside speakers, and field trips. In addition, culture, governmental impacts, and the nature of the multi-national organization are considered.

    Prerequisite(s): ECON 202.

    Offered each semester.
 

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